近年来，保温材料的品种不断增多，可选范围也不断增大。材料品种的多样化，导致性能指标的多样化。究竟如何合理选用，
就必须对常用保温材料的相关性能、优缺点有所了解，综合对比才能根据使用要求做出相对合理的选择。
玻璃棉制品
该材料是目前较常用的一种保温材料，主要性能有：质轻〔容重或密度小，每立方米重量在1290kg之间，随用途而异），导热系数小，一般为0.034(w/mk)之间，
且随温度而异.该材料耐高温，是非燃材料，最高使用温度可达300℃；不腐、抗老化，不溶于水和有机溶剂，耐空气中CO2，SO2侵蚀；但由于该材料吸水率大，
因此防水性能较差。且玻璃棉吸水后，保温效果将大大下降，即使风干后也不能恢复至原来的性能。因此在保温要求严格的场合，已受潮或湿了水的玻璃棉不能再使用。
基于玻璃棉保温材料良好的保温综合性能及抗化学性能，已被广泛用于建筑、工业和空调的保温、防火和消音等工程。
发泡塑料制品
发泡塑料制品（包括聚乙烯、聚氨脂，聚苯乙烯）具有质轻、密度小，每m3的容重约为2040kg；导热系数小，一般在0.0170.027(w/mk)之间，视环境温度而异。
该材料最高使用温度在100℃以下，一般不超过70℃；吸水率低，具有较强的防水性。该材料多用于零度以下低温保冷工程如制氧、冰箱的隔热等。为了符合建筑防火规范的要求，
厂家专门生产出自熄性难燃B1级泡沬塑料如聚乙烯等，聚乙烯保温材料具有微细的独立气泡结构，富弹性，加工容易，可以任意裁切，易贴合而且低吸水率。
橡塑隔热材料，即橡胶类发泡材料
发泡橡塑类保温材料的特性与发泡塑料制品比较接近，质轻、弹性好、韧性好、导热系数小、气密性好、抗水、耐腐蚀、抗压、施工性好，适用于介质温度在-40℃-105℃间各种管道及设备的保温。
橡胶类发泡材料应属质量较好的一种保温材料，同时该材料制品的价格也比较昂贵。
In recent years, the variety of insulation materials has been increasing, and the range of options has also been increasing. The diversification of material varieties leads to the diversification of performance indicators. How to choose reasonably,
It is necessary to understand the relevant performance, advantages and disadvantages of commonly used thermal insulation materials, and comprehensive comparison can make a relatively reasonable choice according to the requirements of use.
Glass wool products
The material is currently a more commonly used thermal insulation material, the main properties are: light weight [bulk density or density is small, the weight of each cubic meter is between 1290kg, depending on the use), the thermal conductivity is small, generally between 0.034 (w/mk),
And it varies with temperature. The material is resistant to high temperature, is a non-combustible material, and the maximum use temperature can reach 300 °C; Non-rotten, anti-aging, insoluble in water and organic solvents, resistant to CO2 and SO2 erosion in the air; However, due to the large water absorption rate of the material,
Therefore, the waterproof performance is poor. And after the glass wool absorbs water, the insulation effect will be greatly reduced, and even after air drying, it cannot return to the original performance. Therefore, in the occasion of strict insulation requirements, glass wool that has been wet or wet can no longer be used.
Based on the good comprehensive performance and chemical resistance of glass wool insulation materials, it has been widely used in construction, industrial and air conditioning insulation, fire prevention and sound suppression projects.
Foamed plastic products
Foamed plastic products (including polyethylene, polyurethane, polystyrene) have light weight and low density, and the bulk density per m3 is about 2040kg; The thermal conductivity is small, generally between 0.0170.027 (w/mk), depending on the ambient temperature.
The maximum use temperature of the material is below 100 °C, generally not exceeding 70 °C; Low water absorption, with strong waterproofness. The material is mostly used in sub-zero low-temperature cold preservation projects, such as oxygen production, refrigerator heat insulation, etc. In order to comply with the requirements of the building fire code,
Manufacturers specialize in the production of extinguishing flame retardant B1 grade foam plastics such as polyethylene, polyethylene insulation material has a fine independent bubble structure, elastic, easy to process, can be arbitrarily cut, easy to fit and low water absorption.
Rubber and plastic insulation materials, that is, rubber foam materials
The characteristics of foamed rubber and plastic insulation materials are relatively close to foamed plastic products, light weight, good elasticity, good toughness, small thermal conductivity, good air tightness, water resistance, corrosion resistance, pressure resistance, good workability, suitable for medium temperature between -40 °C-105 °C various pipelines and equipment insulation.
Rubber foam material should be a kind of insulation material with better quality, and the price of this material product is also relatively expensive.
